Cooperation among nations: understanding the counter nuclear smuggling network in Europe
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Authors
Estrada, Ricardo
Kochli, Andrew
Minnie, Paul
Subjects
weapons of mass destruction
counterproliferation
nonproliferation
social network analysis
nuclear smuggling
Europe
counter-terrorism
counterproliferation
nonproliferation
social network analysis
nuclear smuggling
Europe
counter-terrorism
Advisors
Blanken, Leo
Davis, Zachary
Date of Issue
2016-06
Date
16-Jun
Publisher
Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School
Language
Abstract
This research identifies and characterizes a U.S.-centric counter nuclear smuggling network in Europe, and recommends ways to improve its cooperation and effectiveness. The purpose is to provide USSOCOM, NSHQ, and the larger counterproliferation (CP) community with an understanding of how the current network functions, its strengths and weaknesses, and how it can be improved. The research starts by examining prominent theories of international relations to understand cooperation within the network. Afterward, social network analysis (SNA) is used to define the Counter Nuclear SmugglingÐ Europe (CNS-E) network and characterize its structure. Lastly, the function of the network is assessed using realistic vignettes based upon current threats in Europe. The results of this research indicate that the CNS-E network is highly decentralized and dense. Cooperation is abundant, though not sufficiently strong to ensure that information is shared. This research concludes by making the following recommendations: 1) The U.S. government should focus on strengthening existing relations, not creating new relations; 2) The network should centralize capabilities and information in regional hubs; 3) USSOCOM and NSHQ should establish strong relationships with law enforcement agencies; 4) USSOCOM and NSHQ can contribute to nonproliferation efforts by conducting threat assessments of European chemical biological radiological nuclear (CBRN) facilities.
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Distribution Statement
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.