On the presence of giant particles downwind of ships in the marine boundary layer
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Authors
Sorooshian, Armin
Prabhakar, Gouri
Jonsson, Haflidi
Woods, Roy K.
Flagan, Richard C.
Seinfeld, John H.
Subjects
Advisors
Date of Issue
2015
Date
Publisher
AGU Publications
Language
Abstract
This study examines large oceangoing ships as a source of giant cloud condensation nuclei
(Dp>2 μm) due to wake and stack emissions off the California coast. Observed particle number concentrations
behind 10 ships exceeded those in “control” areas, exhibiting number concentration enhancement ratios
(ERs) for minimum threshold diameters of ~2, ~10, and ~20 μm as high as 2.7, 5.5, and 7.5, respectively. ER
decreases with increasing downwind distance and altitude. ER becomes better correlated with ship size
variables (gross tonnage, length, and beam) as theminimumsize threshold increases from2 to 20 μm, whereas
ship speed has a less distinct relationship with ER. One case study of a container ship shows that there are
higher concentrations of sea-salt tracer species behind it relative to adjacent control areas. These results have
implications for cloud properties and precipitation in marine boundary layers exposed to ship traffic.
Type
Article
Description
The article of record as published may be located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063179
Series/Report No
Department
Meteorology
Organization
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NPS Report Number
Sponsors
Funder
This work was funded by ONR grants N00014-11-1-0783, N00014-10-1-0200, N00014-04-1-0118, and N00014-10-1-0811 and NSF grant AGS-1008848.
Format
Citation
Sorooshian, A., G. Prabhakar, H. Jonsson,
R. K.Woods, R. C. Flagan, and J. H. Seinfeld
(2015), On the presence of giant particles
downwind of ships in the marine
boundary layer, Geophys. Res. Lett., 42,
2024–2030, doi:10.1002/2015GL063179.
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This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.