Albania's intelligence after Hoxha: the cat's grin and hidden claws
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Authors
Matei, Florina Cristiana
Xharo, Mimoza
Bala, Eduart
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Date of Issue
2016
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Publisher
Taylor & Francis
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Abstract
Albania’s intelligence transformation began in earnest after the end of the Cold War and the country’s transition to democracy in 1991. In general, democratic reform of intelligence is an onerous and taxing process, given democracy’s demand for transparency and accountability which competes with intelligence’s demand for secrecy. Albania, as have other Central and Eastern European developing democracies, encountered a panoply of challenges and complexities in its intelligence democratization endeavors. Utilizing Sir David Omand’s Cheshire Cat metaphor for intelligence and democracy, we attempt to identify whether Albania, after nearly two decades of democratization, and currently a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) member and European Union (EU) candidate status country, has been able to benefit from the Cheshire Cat’s grin (i.e., transparency, accountability, and democratic control of intelligence work=activity), while safely concealing its body and claws (i.e., secrecy inherently involved in intelligence work).
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Article
Description
The article of record as published may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08850607.2015.1083340
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29 p.
Citation
F.C. Matei, M. Xharo. E. Bala. "Albania's intelligence after Hoxha: the cat's grin and hidden claws," International journal of Intelligence and CounterIntellignece, v. 29, no. 2, (2016), pp. 299-327.
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This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.