Gender equality in Southeast Asia: a comparative study of Indonesia and the Philippines
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Authors
Hauser, Cassandra E.
Subjects
gender equality
women’s agenda
economic
political
social inclusion
Indonesia
Philippines
women’s agenda
economic
political
social inclusion
Indonesia
Philippines
Advisors
Barma, Naazneen H.
Date of Issue
2017-09
Date
Sep-17
Publisher
Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School
Language
Abstract
This thesis is a comparative study of how three important factors--social, political, and economic inclusion--affect gender equality and inequality in the Philippines and in Indonesia. The disparity between these two countries as published in the 2016 Global Gender Gap Report serves as the analytical basis for this comparison. On this scale, which assigns a number from 0 (gender inequality) to 1 (gender equality), the Philippines ranks in the top five percent of the 144 countries assessed for gender equality, with a score of 0.786 (7 of 144), whereas Indonesia ranks in the lower half with a score of 0.682 (88 of 144). The two countries share similarities on this issue: their respective women’s movements began within a decade of one another, and the first female presidents of each country were seen as moral figures who could facilitate the transition to working democracy. Yet these countries also differ in terms of majority religion and population size. A major finding of this thesis is that the women’s movements in the Philippines and in Indonesia were more productive in advancing the women’s agenda than female leaders, although for different reasons. This thesis concludes by reflecting on main findings and providing policy recommendations and suggestions for future research.
Type
Thesis
Description
Series/Report No
Department
National Security Affairs (NSA)
Organization
Identifiers
NPS Report Number
Sponsors
Funder
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Citation
Distribution Statement
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.