AIRWAVES TO ALGORITHMS: DISINFORMATION TACTICS FROM WWII TO AI

Abstract

This thesis studies how disinformation evolved from World War II to the artificial intelligence (AI) era. It reveals consistent psychological principles and concerning new technological amplifiers. While the core strategies are the same—exploit societal divisions, control information flow, and use trusted voices—digital technologies and AI have increased the reach, precision, and accessibility. Through comparative historical analysis and modern case studies, the research shows how social media and AI-content have evolved traditional disinformation tactics. The analysis also shows that democracies face unique vulnerabilities due to their inherent openness. Despite this, Taiwan’s case indicates effective countermeasures are possible. Research shows that generative AI alters the disinformation landscape by lowering barriers to entry while also increasing believability. Current platform policies, detection tools, and legislation are struggling to address this emerging threat. This is further complicated by misaligned financial incentives that favor offense over defense with AI. This thesis reveals a critical imbalance between current countermeasures and the evolving threat, implying need for comprehensive policy reform that addresses both technological and human factors in information warfare. The findings further our understanding of technology’s role in influence campaigns and informs strategies for protecting democracy in this new information environment.