Effects of Model Resolution and Ocean Mixing on Forced Ice‐Ocean Physical and Biogeochemical Simulations Using Global and Regional System Models
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Authors
Jin, Meibing
Deal, Clara
Maslowski, Wieslaw
Matrai, Patricia
Roberts, Andrew
Osinski, Robert
Lee, Younjoo J.
Frants, Marina
Elliott, Scott
Jeffery, Nicole
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Date of Issue
2018
Date
2018
Publisher
Wiley
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Abstract
The current coarse-resolution global Community Earth System Model (CESM) can reproduce major and large-scale patterns but is still missing some key biogeochemical features in the Arctic Ocean, e.g., low surface nutrients in the Canada Basin. We incorporated the CESM Version 1 ocean biogeochemical code into the Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) and coupled it with a sea-ice algal module to investigate model limitations. Four ice-ocean hindcast cases are compared with various observations: two in a global 18 (40 60 km in the Arctic) grid: G1deg and G1deg-OLD with/without new sea-ice processes incorporated; two on RASM's 1/128 ( 9 km) grid R9km and R9km-NB with/without a subgrid scale brine rejection parameteriza- tion which improves ocean vertical mixing under sea ice. Higher-resolution and new sea-ice processes contrib- uted to lower model errors in sea-ice extent, ice thickness, and ice algae. In the Bering Sea shelf, only higher resolution contributed to lower model errors in salinity, nitrate (NO3), and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a). In the Arctic Basin, model errors in mixed layer depth (MLD) were reduced 36% by brine rejection parameterization, 20% by new sea-ice processes, and 6% by higher resolution. The NO3 concentration biases were caused by both MLD bias and coarse resolution, because of excessive horizontal mixing of high NO3 from the Chukchi Sea into the Canada Basin in coarse resolution models. R9km showed improvements over G1deg on NO3, but not on Chl-a, likely due to light limitation under snow and ice cover in the Arctic Basin.
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The article of record as published may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013365
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This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.