THE PEACEBUILDING PROCESS IN NEPAL AND THE END OF THE INSURGENCY
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Authors
Ranjit, Surendra R.
Subjects
UN
United Nations
Maoist party
Nepal
Comprehensive Peace Agreement
Disarmament
Demobilization
and Reintegration program
UNMIN
peacebuilding
reconciliation process
DDR
insurgency
power sharing
United Nations
Maoist party
Nepal
Comprehensive Peace Agreement
Disarmament
Demobilization
and Reintegration program
UNMIN
peacebuilding
reconciliation process
DDR
insurgency
power sharing
Advisors
Chatterjee, Anshu N.
Date of Issue
2023-03
Date
Publisher
Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School
Language
Abstract
Nepal became engulfed in a civil war when the Maoist insurgency began in 1996. The war lasted almost a decade until 2006, killed 13,000 people, and destroyed a significant amount of the country’s infrastructure. Though the government of Nepal and the Maoists initiated talks in 2001 and 2003 to establish peace, both attempts failed due to contentious issues. Therefore, after signing the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, the Maoists’ entry into mainstream politics in 2006 surprised the country and international observers. Since then, the Maoist Party has continued participating in elections and shares power with other mainstream political parties. Its participation raises essential questions about which peacebuilding factors encouraged the insurgents to enter mainstream politics, a step that ended the insurgency. To answer such questions, this thesis analyzes the insurgency period from 1996 to 2006 and the post-conflict scenario. Within the context of a theoretical framework derived from a review of the literature on peacebuilding processes, the analysis reveals that the combination of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement; the Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration program implementation; and the promulgation of the new federal constitution in 2015 led to Nepal’s successful peacebuilding process. Similarly, the study highlights the electoral setting and public sentiment that produced power sharing among the political parties and enhanced the peacebuilding process.
Type
Thesis
Description
Series/Report No
Department
National Security Affairs (NSA)
Organization
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NPS Report Number
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Distribution Statement
Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.
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Copyright is reserved by the copyright owner.