In situ Raman Spectroscopy Study of the Formation of Graphene from Urea and Graphite Oxide
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Authors
Mowry, Michael N.
Subjects
carbon nanomaterials
graphene
single layer graphite
2-D graphite
Raman spectroscopy
thermogravimetric analysis
differential scanning calorimeter
mass spectroscopy
graphene
single layer graphite
2-D graphite
Raman spectroscopy
thermogravimetric analysis
differential scanning calorimeter
mass spectroscopy
Advisors
Osswald, Sebastian
Date of Issue
2012-09
Date
Sep-12
Publisher
Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School
Language
Abstract
Graphene, 10 or fewer atomic layers of carbon atoms, has attracted much attention during recent years due to its unique structure and exceptional physical properties. While there exist a wide range of potential applications, as with many nanomaterials, new synthesis techniques are required that allow for a production of graphene on an industrial scale. In this study, in situ Raman spectroscopy was used to study the formation and doping of graphene during urea-assisted thermal exfoliation of graphite oxide (GO), a promising new synthesis method that can be scaled to industrial levels. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mass spectroscopy were used complementary to Raman spectroscopy to assist with the interpretation of the obtained data. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful characterization tool for the analysis of carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene. While several researchers have reported on the reaction of urea and GO, none of the studies found in literature has provided deeper insights on the evolution of the graphene structure and the simultaneous incorporation of nitrogen into the honeycomb lattice during synthesis. The knowledge gained from this work allows for a better understanding of the graphene production process and provides further evidence for the potential nitrogen-doping of graphene via deposition of urea.
Type
Thesis
Description
Series/Report No
Department
Mechanical Engineering
Organization
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NPS Report Number
Sponsors
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Distribution Statement
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined
in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. As such, it is in the
public domain, and under the provisions of Title 17, United States
Code, Section 105, is not copyrighted in the U.S.