Predicting the effects of sea surface scatter on broad band pulse propagation with an ocean acoustic parabolic equation model
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Authors
Ead, Richard M.
Subjects
Advisors
Smith, Kevin B.
Date of Issue
2004-06
Date
Publisher
Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School
Language
Abstract
Littoral waters when compared to the open ocean create an environment of greater reverberation with acoustic energy scattering from the sea surface, bottom, topographic features, and regions that lack homogeneity within the volume. If the ocean surface is rough on the scale of an acoustic wavelength, considerable scattering can occur that can significantly influence coherent propagation. Because the rough surface is also evolving dynamically, such scattering can introduce Doppler shifting and spreading of the acoustic pulse spectrum. This thesis builds upon prior efforts in ocean acoustic modeling and is focused on examining surface scattering and its affect upon coherent propagation. The dynamics/physics associated with surface scattering are explored in detail and mathematical relationships are developed and employed in revisions to the Monterey Miami Parabolic Equation (MMPE) model. The thesis provides background information associated with the MMPE and highlights earlier work related to surface scattering. It presents a formal analysis of an exact surface scattering approach in the context of a continuous wave (CW) benchmark exercise and the Doppler shifts associated with a dynamic rough surface. It expands on prior rough sea surface work to include modeling based on an empirical fetch-limited ocean wave spectrum and compares modeling results with measured data. Interest in broadband pulse propagation in shallow water is increasing with the need for improved active sonar systems and with the growth of applications such as underwater acoustic communications.
Type
Thesis
Description
Series/Report No
Department
Organization
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
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NPS Report Number
Sponsors
Funder
Format
xiv, 77 p. : ill. (some col.) ;
Citation
Distribution Statement
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.