The enhanced driver's license: collateral gains or collateral damage?
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Authors
Clark, James M.
Subjects
Department of Homeland Security
Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative
Customs Border Control
Enhanced Drivers License
Passport Card
NEXUS
FAST
SENTRI
Global Entry
Drivers License
REAL ID Act of 2005
Identification Documents
Vicinity Read
Proximity Read
Radio Frequency Identification
RFID
Barcode
Magnetic Stripe
Smart Card
Right to Privacy
Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative
Customs Border Control
Enhanced Drivers License
Passport Card
NEXUS
FAST
SENTRI
Global Entry
Drivers License
REAL ID Act of 2005
Identification Documents
Vicinity Read
Proximity Read
Radio Frequency Identification
RFID
Barcode
Magnetic Stripe
Smart Card
Right to Privacy
Advisors
Halladay, Carolyn
Date of Issue
2012-12
Date
Dec-12
Publisher
Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School
Language
Abstract
On a day-to-day basis, security to most Americans means proving their identity by producing a valid government-issued identification document (ID)most commonly a drivers license. For this reason, terrorists on September 11, 2001, (9/11) placed high value on drivers licenses as a mean to mask preparatory activities leading up to their attack. Congress, as a result, enacted several measures, culminating in the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI), adopted June 1, 2009. The WHTI requires all citizens to show proof of identity while crossing U.S. land, sea, and recently some air borders between Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda. To facilitate the initiative, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) expanded on such ongoing ID initiatives as NEXUS, FAST, and SENTRI and adopted a number of different ID solutions, including passport card (PASS Card), Enhanced Drivers License (EDL), Global Entry and the Enhanced Tribal Card while considering others beyond the costly passport to facilitate commerce, trade, and tourism with Border States. All WHTI IDs employ vicinity-read radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, which has raised privacy concerns. This thesis seeks to join the ongoing civil liberties vs. national security debate through a case study of the EDL on both technological and legal grounds.
Type
Thesis
Description
Series/Report No
Department
National Security Affairs
Organization
Identifiers
NPS Report Number
Sponsors
Funder
Format
Citation
Distribution Statement
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.