Remotely sensed density measurements of volcanic sulfur dioxide plumes using a spectral long wave infrared imager
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Authors
Mares, Aimee Gail
Subjects
Hyperspectral
Airborne remote sensing
Long wave infrared (LWIR)
Ultraviolet (UV)
Sulfur dioxide
Gas detection
Volcanic plumes
Airborne hyperspectral infrared imager (AHI)
FLYSPEC
Airborne remote sensing
Long wave infrared (LWIR)
Ultraviolet (UV)
Sulfur dioxide
Gas detection
Volcanic plumes
Airborne hyperspectral infrared imager (AHI)
FLYSPEC
Advisors
Olsen, Richard C.
Date of Issue
2002-09
Date
September 2002
Publisher
Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School
Language
Abstract
This thesis examines the process of detecting and quantifying volcanic SO2 plumes using the Airborne Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (AHI) developed by the University of Hawaii. AHI was flown over Pu'u'O'o Vent of Kilauea Volcano in Hawaii to collect data on SO2 plumes. In conjunction with these observations, data were taken with the Hawaii Volcano Observatory's Correlation Spectrometer (COSPEC) and University of Hawaii's FLYSPEC. These are ultraviolet remote sensors with a successful history of monitoring volcanic SO2 plumes at ~0.3u. AHI is a LWIR pushbroom imager sensitive to the 7.5 - 11.5u region. Spectral analysis and mapping tools were used to identify and classify the SO2 plume in both radiance and emissive space. MODTRAN was used to model the radiance observed by the sensor as it looked to the ground through an SO2 plume. A spectral library of radiance profiles with varying ground surface temperatures and SO2 concentrations was developed, and the AHI data fitted to the varying model profiles. Reasonable values of SO2 emission were obtained, though the values directly over the vent obtained by AHI were much higher than those obtained by the UV sensors some distance away.
Type
Thesis
Description
Series/Report No
Department
Space Systems Academic Group
Organization
Naval Postgraduate School (U.S.)
Identifiers
NPS Report Number
Sponsors
Funder
Format
xvi, 128 p. : ill. (some col.), maps
Citation
Distribution Statement
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.