ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS AND UTILITY COST SAVINGS FOR DOD INSTALLATIONS
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Authors
Campbell, Jacob
Hutcheon, Andrew R.
Subjects
energy storage systems
ESSs
behind-the-meter
BTM
energy savings
utility rate structures
peak shaving
load shifting
data centers
installation energy managers
ESSs
behind-the-meter
BTM
energy savings
utility rate structures
peak shaving
load shifting
data centers
installation energy managers
Advisors
Regnier, Eva
Date of Issue
2018-09
Date
Publisher
Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School
Language
Abstract
The benefits of energy storage systems (ESSs) include reduced utility costs, back-up power, and the integration of renewable energy. This research developed energy storage heuristics that determine how much energy should be sent to and from storage in a given time period. The researchers evaluated the economic impact of each heuristic given various energy demand profiles and utility rate structures. The researchers utilized several ESS configurations, two different rate structures, and two historic annual energy demand profiles to test each heuristic and estimate potential cost savings of energy storage.
ESSs reduced overall energy costs in both volatile and stable demand environments. Annual cost savings achieved by employing an ESS was a function of the energy storage heuristic and characteristics of the ESS. The research offers several key takeaways. First, utility rate structures can be used to determine the required efficiency rate to generate cost savings, and maximum capacity of the ESS can be a limitation. Second, capacity limitations can be mitigated with the application of a safety stock. Finally, volatile demand profiles with large demand spikes require a maximum discharge power equal to that spike to maximize savings, whereas stable demand profiles are not constrained by this characteristic.
Type
Thesis
Description
Series/Report No
Department
Information Sciences (IS), Graduate School of Business and Public Policy (GSBPP)
Information Sciences (IS)
Graduate School of Business and Public Policy (GSBPP)
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Distribution Statement
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.