VITAL SYSTEMS: POLICY FRAMEWORKS FOR RAMPAGE VIOLENCE PREVENTION IN HIGHER EDUCATION
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Authors
Patete, Valerie
Subjects
active shooter
active assailant prevention
mass shooting
rampage attack
rampage violence
predatory patterns
targeted violence
behavioral indicators
escalating threat
mass violence prevention
higher education security
safety
institutional policy
threat assessment
grievance-based violence
active assailant prevention
mass shooting
rampage attack
rampage violence
predatory patterns
targeted violence
behavioral indicators
escalating threat
mass violence prevention
higher education security
safety
institutional policy
threat assessment
grievance-based violence
Advisors
Halladay, Carolyn C.
Peters, Lynda A.
Date of Issue
2025-03
Date
Publisher
Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School
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Abstract
Rampage violence prevention in institutions of higher education (IHEs) is a critical yet underexplored aspect of campus safety. While reactive strategies dominate the conversation, proactive measures that address intent, motive, and escalating behaviors remain insufficiently defined. This thesis examines how IHEs can implement and sustain proactive rampage violence prevention strategies to address the root causes and pathways to violence. Utilizing a mixed-methods research design, this study reviewed current policies and initiatives from a sample of 25 IHEs across varying demographics, including public and private institutions, urban and rural campuses, and large and small student bodies. Select IHE policies were evaluated through a framework of four core components—threat assessment, community-based reporting, cultural climate, and mental health—focusing on their integration into systemic processes. This thesis finds that the absence of standardized policies, combined with inconsistent implementation and a lack of transparency, limits IHEs’ ability to prevent rampage violence. It recognizes the need for national standards, data-sharing mechanisms, and comprehensive policy frameworks that align cultural and institutional needs. By prioritizing systemic clarity, transparency, and community engagement, IHEs can move toward creating safer campuses while contributing to broader discussions on violence prevention strategies.
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Thesis
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Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release: Distribution is unlimited.
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