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A very compact Rijndael S-box

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Author
Canright, David R.
Date
2005-05-17
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Abstract
One key step in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), or Rijndael, algorithm is called the "S-box", the only nonlinear step in each round of encryption/decryption. A wide variety of implementations of AES have been proposed, for various desiderata, that effect the S-box in various ways. In particular, the most compact implementation to date of Satoh et al. performs the 8-bit Galois field inversion of the S-box using subfields of 4 bits and of 2 bits. This work describes a refinement of this approach that minimizes the circuitry, and hence the chip area, required for the S-box. While Satoh used polynomial bases at each level, we consider also normal bases, with arithmetic optimizations; altogether, 432 different cases were considered. The isomorphism bit matrices are fully optimized, improving on the "greedy algorithm." The best case reduces the number of gates in the S-box by 20%. This decrease in chip area could be important for area-limited hardware implementations, e.g., smart cards. And for applications using larger chips, this approach could allow more copies of the S-box, for parallelism and/or pipelining in non-feedback modes of AES.
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This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.
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https://hdl.handle.net/10945/25529
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  • Thumbnail

    A very compact Rijndael S-box 

    Canright, David (Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004); NPS-MA-04-001
    One key step in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), or Rijndael, algorithm is called the S-box, the only nonlinear step in each round of encryption/decryption. A wide variety of implementations of AES have been proposed, ...
  • Thumbnail

    A Very Compact S-Box for AES 

    Canright, D. (International Association for Cryptologic Research, 2005);
    A key step in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm is the “S-box.” Many implementations of AES have been proposed, for various goals, that effect the S-box in various ways. In particular, the most compact ...
  • Thumbnail

    A More Compact AES 

    Canright, David; Osvik, Dag Arne (2009);
    We explore ways to reduce the number of bit operations required to implement AES. One way involves optimizing the composite field approach for entire rounds of AES. Another way is integrating the Galois multiplications ...
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