A study of the microstructural basis for the strength and toughness properties of water-quenched and air-cooled HSLA-100, HSLA-100 with increased copper, and a ULCB steel.
Abstract
The microstructural basis for strength of the water-quenched and aircooled
HSLA-100, HSLA-100 with increased copper, and a ULCB steel was
investigated by conducting an inclusion study and characterizing the
microstructure of each of the steels. For the inclusion study, the SEM was used
to examine a large number of fields and determine inclusion morphology while
the EDX was used to determine inclusion composition. The microstructure of
both the water-quenched and air-cooled steels was characterized using the
optical microscope, SEM, and TEM.
The HSLA-100 with increased copper steel was adequately calcium
treated and aluminum deoxidized as evidenced by the low sulfur content, few
MnS stringers, and lack of large oxide arrays. The ULCB steel was not calcium
treated or Al-killed; nor was it thermo-mechanically processed as shown by the
lack of lipped, broken, or elongated stringers. Both MnS and oxide inclusions
were present, and consequently, ladle metallurgy would have to be used before
the ULCB steel was hot-worked.
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