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Optical Beam Jitter Control

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Author
Watkins, R.J.
Chen, J.
Agrawal, B.N.
Shin, Y.S.
Date
2004
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Abstract
For several future imaging and communications spacecraft, a challenging area of technology development is the fine acquisition, tracking, and pointing (ATP) control of the spacecraft and its payload. For example, some spacecraft with large aperture(s) in the range of 10~30 m diameter requires a few arc-seconds accuracy, 10~15 nano-radians jitter, and a fast slewing rate to acquire the target. Furthermore these stringent requirements are at risk of great structure and control interactions. This paper we will focus on the control of optical beam jitter. A Laser Jitter Control (LJC) testbed has been constructed to test jitter algorithms. The testbed consists of two fast steering mirrors (FSM), three position sensing modules (PSM), one diode laser, and several beam splitters and mirrors, all on an isolated Newport optical bench. Jitter is injected with one FSM and the other FSM is used to control it. The jitter spectrum, representing the on-orbit spacecraft and beam jitter environment, contains not only narrow band noise due to rotating devices such as gyroscopes and reaction wheels but also broadband noise. The performance of a Wiener Filter - adaptive algorithm with ideal reference signal is established as the baseline for comparison of adaptive control methods in suppressing both broadband and narrowband disturbances. Specifically, the Least Mean Squares (LMS) approach and the Gradient Adaptive Lattice (GAL) approach are investigated during these experiments. For several future imaging and communications spacecraft, a challenging area of technology development is the fine acquisition, tracking, and pointing (ATP) control of the spacecraft and its payload. For example, some spacecraft with large aperture(s) in the range of 10~30 m diameter requires a few arc-seconds accuracy, 10~15 nano-radians jitter, and a fast slewing rate to acquire the target. Furthermore these stringent requirements are at risk of great structure and control interactions. This paper we will focus on the control of optical beam jitter. A Laser Jitter Control (LJC) testbed has been constructed to test jitter algorithms. The testbed consists of two fast steering mirrors (FSM), three position sensing modules (PSM), one diode laser, and several beam splitters and mirrors, all on an isolated Newport optical bench. Jitter is injected with one FSM and the other FSM is used to control it. The jitter spectrum, representing the on-orbit spacecraft and beam jitter environment, contains not only narrow band noise due to rotating devices such as gyroscopes and reaction wheels but also broadband noise. The performance of a Wiener Filter - adaptive algorithm with ideal reference signal is established as the baseline for comparison of adaptive control methods in suppressing both broadband and narrowband disturbances. Specifically, the Least Mean Squares (LMS) approach and the Gradient Adaptive Lattice (GAL) approach are investigated during these experiments.
Description
The article of record as published may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.529457
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined
in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. As such, it is in the
public domain, and under the provisions of Title 17, United States
Code, Section 105, is not copyrighted in the U.S.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10945/34551
Collections
  • Faculty and Researchers' Publications
  • Spacecraft Research and Design Center Publications

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    Optical Beam Control Testbeds 

    Martinez, T.; Agrawal, B.N. (2008);
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    Control of a Deformable Mirror Subject to Structural Disturbance 

    Allen, M.; Kim, J.J.; Agrawal, B.N. (2008);
    Future space based deployable telescopes will be subject to non-atmospheric disturbances. Jitter and optical misalignment on a spacecraft can be caused by mechanical noise of the spacecraft, and settling after maneuvers. ...
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    Jitter Control of Space and Airborne Laser Beams 

    Watkins, R.J.; Agrawal, B.N.; Shin, Y.S.; Chen, C. (2004);
    Acquisition, Tracking and Pointing (ATP) of space and airborne laser beams is fast becoming an important research topic as requirements for the pointing and control of the optical beam is increasing. Arc-second accuracy, ...
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