Defense budget control in the event of emergency

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to give recommendations to the government of Japan for better provision of budget in contingent situations. To accomplish the objective, this thesis explains how a government should control the provision of adequate and timely budgets in the military. Literature shows that routine budget process has a control function and four basic steps. A shorter process to fund emergencies is found in the U.Ss practical cases for contingency funding, though there are some risks of misuse. If the contingency funds cannot provide adequate money, supplemental appropriations are enacted. Japan has a supplemental budget and a national reserve fund. Learning from the practice of the U.S., Japan should set aside its national reserve fund for possible contingent events. In addition, Japan should make use of the national reserve fund and a supplemental budget for providing enough money in the event of an emergency. The government of Japan and the Diet should pay attention to keep control of the budget for the nation as the U.S. does.