Hiding in Plain Sight: Denial, Deception, and the Non-State Actor
Abstract
History is replete with examples of militaries that have used denial and deception to gain
victory on the battlefield. Denial withholds accurate information from an adversary, while
deception puts forward misleading information that conforms to the expectations of an
opponent. Recently, the advent of the information age has allowed small non-state actors,
particularly terrorist organizations, to engage in denial and deception—with often devastating
results. Unfortunately, states have been slow to adjust, which has allowed terrorist
groups to carry out their attacks while hiding in plain sight of their targets.
Rights
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