Democratizing Civil-Military Relations: What do Countries Legislate? Occasional Paper #7
Abstract
After a transition away from authoritarianism, one of the central challenges facing
new democratic elites is redefining civil-military relations. Among other things, this
means writing or revising constitutions and laws that regulate the roles, rights, and
obligations of the military so that they conform to the basic democratic principles of
accountability to democratically elected leaders and respect for civil liberties.1 Under the
preceding non-democratic regimes, militaries were often accustomed to acting in ways
that violated these principles, by operating autonomously within the defense arena,
playing an important role in non-defense areas, and participating in regime violations of
human rights.2 Although writing new laws designed to modify this behavior will not
automatically lead to a change, it is a necessary first step.