The Enemy Below - The Global Diffusion of Submarines and Related Technology
Abstract
Roughly 80,000 years ago, our ancestors first crossed out of Africa, and began the process which
we now call globalization. (Indeed, even earlier humanoid remains have been found outside
Africa as long as 1.75 million years ago). With the diffusion of people around the world came the
development of culture and civilization as well as the spread of ideas, goods, technology, and so
forth. The process of globalization then is a long standing one, and not an innovation of the late
20th and early 21st centuries. Over the millennia, this process has been an uneven one, and has
often caused great disruptions even to the societies that initiated various innovations in culture
and civilization, including science and technology. Indeed, many cultures and civilizations have
disappeared while some regions failed to advance as rapidly as others, so the process of
globalization is not just one of continuing progress.
Description
This article was submitted to Center for Global Security Research in Cooperation with the U.S.
Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA, May 30,2002 - May 31,2002
Preprint UCRL-JC-149877
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.Collections
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