A Study of Human Behavior & Operational Energy, Analysis and Recommendations for the Marine Corps to Increase Its Operational Reach

Abstract

Years of combat have exposed operational vulnerabilities in the U.S. Marine Corps due to energy overuse and dependence. Reducing energy use in the expeditionary forces offers the opportunity to extend reach, save lives, and use money wisely. This research first describes a behavioral framework for how situational and personal factors impact the efficient use of energy. The framework explains how Marines’ personal knowledge, attitudes, values, and motivations vary by each scenario of use. It then outlines five areas where organizational interventions can be applied to increase energy efficiency: Revise operational procedures; initiate policies that improve overall efficiency; build individual energy awareness and knowledge; incorporate energy efficient technologies; and nurture a culture of energy awareness. The paper then takes a detailed look at how energy behaviors play out in an operational environment. Using ethnographic methods and Grounded Theory, this research uncovered opportunities to balance energy efficiency with mission effectiveness. These opportunities include revising the structure of the exercises, increasing accountability, strengthening the role of leadership, conducting more efficient operations, improving planning processes, developing information systems, increasing the usability of supporting systems, developing energy reducing technologies, and reducing the overall weight of vehicles, supplies, and armor.