Development of nanoporous carbide-derived carbon electrodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Download
Author
Sakamoto, Kamryn M.
Date
2011-09Advisor
Osswald, Sebastian
Second Reader
Farmer, Joseph C.
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Lithium ion batteries are the state-of-the-art power sources for portable electronic devices and, due to their superior energy and power densities, are promising candidates for the demanding energy storage applications of the U.S. Navy and other branches of the military. While graphitic carbon is currently the most common anode material in lithium ion batteries, it suffers from low specific capacity (~372 mAh/g) and poor power characteristics. In contrast, amorphous carbons allow for faster charge/discharge kinetics and were found to exhibit specific capacities of up to 1000 mAh/g due to a different, and still unknown storage mechanism. This work examines the suitability of amorphous carbide-derived carbon (CDC) anodes for high-power and high-energy density lithium ion batteries. Using different material characterization techniques, such as Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), we aim to determine the relationship between the structural features of CDC to its electrochemical performance. Studies were conducted on three titanium carbide (TiC)-based CDC powders, synthesized at 600, 1000, and 1200 °C. Custom-made CDC anodes were fabricated, tested and cycled against commercial LiCoO2 and lithium metal cathodes in button-type coin cell enclosures. Electrochemical testing revealed specific capacities approaching 300 mAh/g. While the observed specific energy is lower than that of a conventional graphite anodes, the results are promising and may provide deeper insights into the relatively unknown charge storage mechanism in amorphous carbons. Our results also indicate that CDCs allow for substantial improvements in power characteristics, but additional research is needed to verify the obtained results and further optimize the electrode fabrication process.
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.Collections
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
Testing Aspects of Superdielectric Behavior [video]
Phillips, Jonathan (Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, 2017-11-03);To further test a theory of the recently discovered phenomenon of superdielectric behavior, the dielectric constants of several classes of superdielectric materials (SDM) were tested including ‘pastes’ composed of refractory ... -
A pulsed power system design using lithium-ion batteries and one charger per battery
Filler, Frank E. (Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2009-12);The work documented in this thesis realizes a small-scale implementation of a Battery Management System (BMS) that has the charging, storage, and discharge capabilities to meet scaled down requirements of a pulsed power ... -
Fabrication and Optimization of Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes
Somnhot, Parina (Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012-03);Lithium-ion batteries possess high energy and power densities, making them ideal candidates for energy storage requirements in various military applications. Commercially produced lithium-ion battery anodes are commonly ...