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Mothers in the Military: Effect of Maternity Leave Policy on Take-Up

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Author
Bacolod, Marigee
Heissel, Jennifer A.
Laurita, Laura
Molloy, Matthew
Sullivan, Ryan
Date
2022
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Abstract
This study exploits changes in paid maternity leave offered by one of the United States’ largest employers, the Department of Defense, to estimate the effect of such policies on mothers' leave-taking. Since 2015, the U.S. Marine Corps has shifted its maternity leave policy from 6 to 18 to 12 weeks. Leave expansions increased leave duration, whereas contractions decreased leave taken by active-duty service members. However, the policy changes crowded out other forms of leave: with an increase in maternity leave available, mothers increased use of maternity leave and stopped supplementing with additional annual leave. Although all mothers used the full 6 weeks of leave in the early period, it is the less advantaged mothers—those in the enlisted ranks, first-time mothers, and single mothers—who disproportionately used more of the additional leave than officers, experienced mothers, and married mothers. Pregnant officers, experienced mothers, and single women used less leave than nonpregnant women in the months leading up to birth, but expecting additional post-birth leave did not change average pre-birth leave-taking. Our results highlight the importance of optimally sizing family leave policies and provide evidence that the true cost of such programs may be lower than the raw count of weeks provided by additional maternity leave allowances.
Description
17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under temporary embargo.
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10945/69564
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  • Faculty and Researchers' Publications

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  • Thumbnail

    Mothers in the Military: Effect of Maternity Leave Policy on Take-Up 

    Bacolod, Marigee; Heissel, Jennifer A.; Laurita, Laura; Molloy, Matthew; Sullivan, Ryan (SSRN, 2020);
    The United States remains the only OECD nation without national paid maternity leave. This paper exploits changes in paid maternity leave offered by one of the United States’ largest employers, the U.S. Department of ...
  • Thumbnail

    Mothers in the Military: Effect of Maternity Leave Policy on Take-Up 

    Bacolod, Marigee; Heissel, Jennifer A.; Laurita, Laura; Molloy, Matthew; Sullivan, Ryan (Naval Postgraduate School, 2021-08);
    The United States remains the only OECD nation without national paid maternity leave. This paper exploits changes in paid maternity leave offered by one of its largest employers, the U.S. Department of Defense. Since 2015, ...
  • Thumbnail

    THE EFFECTS OF PARENTAL LEAVE POLICY CHANGES WITHIN THE UNIFORMED MILITARY SERVICES 

    Laurita, Laura; Molloy, Matthew (Monterey, CA; Naval Postgraduate School, 2019-03);
    The United States has no federal mandates for paid family leave (PFL), an unusual standing among the world’s developed countries. Recent Department of Defense (DoD) policy initiatives have expanded paid maternity and family ...
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