Spanish Case Study
Abstract
Spain has frequently and correctly been offered as a model of how to negotiate a
democratic transition and consolidate a democracy. The transition from authoritarianism
to democracy was initiated in the late 1970s and completed with the election of the
Spanish Socialist Party (PSOE) in 1982. It was the forerunner in the contemporary “third
wave” of democracy. A, if not the, crucial factor in the overall process of the Spanish
transition was the resolution of civil–military relations. The Spanish transition provides
an example of a “success story.” As such it is particularly useful to analyze for it can
shed light on strategies of transition which are likely to promote as opposed to undermine
democratic consolidation.
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