Development of extinction imagers for the determination of atmospheric optical extinction: final report
Download
Author
Shields, Janet E.
Karr, Monette E.
Mikuls, Vincent W.
Berger, Paul J.
Frederickson, Paul A.
Lind, Richard J.
Hodgkiss, William S.
Date
2014-08Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
The primary goals of this project for JTO and ONR (Grant N00014-07-1-1060) were to further develop Extinction Imagers for use in the ocean environment, and to extend the capabilities into the Short Wave IR (SWIR). Extinction Imaging is a method for determining the effective extinction coefficient over an extended path using a sensor at one end of the path. It uses calibrated imagers to acquire the relative radiance of a dark target near the other the end of the path and the horizon sky in the direction of the dark target. It is completely passive and thus covert, and the hardware is robust and relatively inexpensive. It uses rigorous equations, which determine the extinction coefficient from the measured apparent contrast of the radiance of the dark target with respect to the horizon sky.
The project was very successful. We found that the ocean surface could readily be used as a dark target in red and SWIR wavelengths. Both the red and the SWIR measurement results were excellent for daytime. Comparisons with standard instruments, as well as uncertainty analysis, indicated that extinction imagers provide better measurements of the atmospheric extinction losses over extended paths than other methods of which we are aware.
Our secondary goals were to address the night regime, and to address slanted paths above the horizontal. Regarding night, we found that the visible sensor acquired excellent data, but the ocean surface was not a good dark target in our wavelengths. Recommendations on the handling of night are given in the report. Regarding the lines of sight above the horizon, we developed a slant path algorithm that determines beam transmittance. It performed very well. Recommendations are made regarding integration of these techniques for military applications.
Rights
This publication is a work of the U.S. Government as defined in Title 17, United States Code, Section 101. Copyright protection is not available for this work in the United States.Collections
Related items
Showing items related by title, author, creator and subject.
-
An analysis of hyperspectral imagery data collected during Operation Desert Radiance
Fay, Matthew Edward. (Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1995-06);The utility of hyperspectral imagers for the identification, classification and status of a specific material based on it's spectral characteristics has been demonstrated in the fields of geology, forestry and meteorology. ... -
On the determination of the Debye-Waller factor and structure factors of NiAl by X-ray powder diffraction
Menon, E.S.K.; Fox, A.G. (Pergamon, 1996-06-01);A conventional powder X-ray diffraction experiment was performed on close-to stoichiometric {beta}-NiAl (B2 structure) using a Cu target. From the integrated intensity data the lattice parameters and room temperature ... -
Generation of mid-wave infrared signature using microradiating devices for vehicle mounted identification friend or foe applications
Rose, Eric Q. (Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2009-06);Friendly fire continues to be a major source of casualties on the modern battlefield. The Vehicle Mounted Identification Friend or Foe (VMIFF) is a device designed to provide instantaneous feedback to the shooter identifying ...